# Junagadh Rock Inscription 1 of the Time of Skandagupta

Dániel Balogh

Author of digital edition: Dániel Balogh

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSiddham00032

Repository: SIDDHAM (siddham)

File path: XML-Provisional/DHARMA_INSSiddham00032.xml

Language: Sanskrit [Southern Brāhmī (unspecified)]

Commit: 2026-09-16 10:40 (3083d2d), last modified 2026-09-16 09:24
(c200993)

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## Edition

⟨1⟩ * (s)iddhaM

1. Mālinī

śriyam abhimata-bhogyāṁ naika-kālāpanītāṁ
tridaśa(pa)ti-sukhārtthaṁ yo (ba)ler ājahāra|
kamala-nila(ya)nā(yā)ḥ śāśvataṁ dhāma lakṣmyāḥ
⟨2⟩ sa jayati vijitārttir vviṣṇur atyanta-jiṣṇuḥ||

2. Mālinī

tad-anu jayati śaśvaT śrī-(pari)kṣipta-vakṣāḥ
sva-bhuja-janita-vīryo rājarājā(dhirā)jaḥ|
(na)rapati⟨3⟩-(bh)ujagānāṁ māna-darppotphaṇānāṁ
pratikr̥ti-(ga)ruḍājñā(ṁ) nirvviṣī(ṁ) cāvakarttā||

3. Mālinī

nr̥pati-guṇa-niketaḥ skandaguptaḥ pr̥thu-śrīḥ
catur-udadhi-(jal?)āntāṁ sphīta-paryanta-deśāM|
⟨4⟩ Avanim avanatāri¿r y?a¿ḥ c?akārātma-saṁsthāṁ
pitari sura-sakhitvaṁ (prāpta)vaty ātma-śaktyā||

4. Āryā

api ca jitam [e]va tena prathayaṁti yaśāṁsi yasya ripavo pi [|]
āmūla-bhagna-darppā niva[rttitā?] mleccha-deśeṣu||

5. Upajāti

⟨5⟩ krameṇa buddhyā nipuṇaṁ pradh(ārya)
dhyātvā ca kr̥tsnān guṇa-(doṣa-hetūn)|
vyap(e)tya sarvān manujendra-putrāṁl
lakṣmīḥ (svayaṁ) yaṁ varayāṁ cakāra||

6. Upajāti

(ta)smin nr̥pe (śā)sati naiva kaścid
dha(rmmā)d apeto manujaḥ prajāsu|
⟨6⟩ (ārtto) daridro vyasanī kadary(o)
daṇḍena vā yo bhr̥śa-pīḍitaḥ (s)yā(t)||

7. Upajāti

(e)vaṁ sa jitvā pr̥thivīṁ samagrāṁ
bhag(nā)gra-da[rppān] dviṣataś ca (kr̥)tv(ā)|
sarvveṣu deśeṣu vidhāya gopt¿r̥?⟨r̥̄⟩n
saṁcintayā(m ā)sa bahu-prakāraM||

8. Upajāti

syāt ko nurūpo ⟨7⟩ matimān vin¿i?⟨ī⟩to
medhā-smr̥tibhy(ā)m anape(ta-bhā)vaḥ|
satyārjav(au)dārya-nayopapa(nno)
(mādhurya)-dākṣiṇya-(ya)śonvitaś ca||

9. Upajāti

bhakto nurak(to) nr̥-v(i)ś(e)ṣa-yuktaḥ
sarvvopadhābhiś ca viśuddha-buddhiḥ|
Anr̥ṇya-bhāvopagat-āntarātmā{ḥ}
sarvvasya lokasya hite pravr̥ttaḥ||

10. Upajāti

⟨8⟩ nyāyārjane rthasya ca kaḥ samarthaḥ
syād arjitasyāpy atha rakṣaṇe ca|
gopāyitasyāpi (ca) vr̥ddhi-hetau
vr̥ddhasya pātra-pratipādanāya||

11. Upajāti

sarvveṣu bhr̥tyeṣv api saṁhateṣu
yo me praśiṣyān nikhilān surāṣṭrāN|
Aṁ jñātam ekaḥ khalu parṇadatto
bhārasya tasyodvahane samarthaḥ||

12. Upajāti

⟨9⟩ Evaṁ viniścitya nr̥pādhipena
naikān aho-rātra-gaṇān sva-matyā|
yaḥ saṁniyukto rthanayā kathaṁcit
samyak-surāṣṭrāvani-pālanāya||

13. Upajāti

niyujya devā varuṇaṁ pratīcyāṁ
svasthā yathā nonmanaso babhūvu(ḥ)|
pūrvvetarasyāṁ diśi parṇadattaṁ
niyujya rājā dhr̥timāṁs tathābhūT|

14. Upajāti

⟨10⟩ tasyātmajo hy ātmaja-bhāva-yukto
dvidheva cātmātma-vaśena nītaḥ|
sarvvātmanātmeva ca rakṣaṇīyo
nityātmavān ātmaja-kānta-rūpaḥ|

15. Upajāti

rūpānurūpair lalitair vicitraiḥ
nitya-pramodānvita-sar¿v?a-bhāvaḥ|
prabuddha-padmākara-padmavaktro
nr̥ṇāṁ śaraṇyaḥ śaraṇ-āgatānāM|

16. Mālabhāriṇī

⟨11⟩ Abhavad bhuvi cakrapālito sāv
iti nāmnā prathitaḥ priyo janasya|
sva-guṇair anupaskr̥tair udātt(ai)ḥ
pitaraṁ yaś ca viśeṣayāṁ cakāra|

17. Upajāti

kṣamā prabhutvaṁ vinayo nayaś ca
śauryaṁ vinā śaurya-mah[ā?]rccanaṁ ca|
(vākya?)ṁ damo dānam adīnatā ca
dākṣiṇyam ānr̥ṇyam aś(ū)nyatā ca|

18. Upajāti

sauṁdaryam āryetara-nigrahaś ca
Avismayo dhairyam udīrṇatā ca|
⟨12⟩ Ity evam ete tiśayena yasminn
avipravāsena guṇā vasanti|

19. Upajāti

na vidyate sau sakale pi loke
yatropamā tasya guṇaiḥ kriyeta|
sa Eva kārtsnyena guṇānvitānāṁ
babhūva n¿r̥?⟨r̥̄⟩ṇām upamāna-bhūtaḥ|

20. Upajāti

ity evam etān adhikān ato nyān
guṇān par(ī)kṣya svayam eva pitrā|
yaḥ saṁniyukto nagarasya rakṣāṁ
viśiṣya pūrvān pracakāra samyaK|

21. Upajāti

⟨13⟩ Āśritya v¿i?⟨ī⟩ryaṁ (sva-bhuja?)-dvayasya
svasyaiva nānyasya narasya darpaṁ|
nodvejayām āsa ca kaṁcid evam
asmin pure caiva śaśāsa ¿duṣṭāḥ?⟨duṣṭān⟩|

22. Upajāti

viśrabdham alpena śaśāsa yo smin
kālena lokeṣu sa-nāgareṣu|
yo lālayām āsa ca paura-vargān
[⏓–⏑] putrān su-parīkṣya doṣāN|

23. Upajāti

saṁraṁjayāṁ ca prakr̥tīr babhūva
pūrva-smitābhāṣaṇa-māna-dānaiḥ|
⟨14⟩ niryantraṇānyonya-gr̥ha-praveśai[ḥ]
saṁvarddhita-prīti-gr̥hopacāraiḥ|

24. Upajāti

brahmaṇya-bhāvena pareṇa yuktaḥ
śaklaḥ śucir dāna-paro yathāvaT|
prāpyān sa kāle viṣayān siṣeve
dharmārthayoś cā[py a]virodhanena|

25. Upajāti

yo [–⏑––⏑⏑] parṇadattāt
sa nyāyavān atra kim asti citraṁ|
muktā-kalāpāmbuja-padma-śītāc
candrāt kim uṣṇaṁ bhavitā kadāciT|

26. Vaṁśastha

⟨15⟩ Athā krameṇāmbuda-kāla Āgat(e)
n(i)dāgha-kālaṁ pravidārya toyadaiḥ|
vavarṣa toyaṁ bahu saṁtataṁ ciraṁ
sudarśanaṁ yena bibheda cātvarāT|

27. Upajāti

saṁvatsarāṇām adhike śate tu
triṁśadbhir anyair api ṣaḍbhir eva|
rātrau dine prauṣṭhapadasya ṣaṣṭhe
gupta-prakāle gaṇanāṁ vidhāya|

28. Vaṁśastha

⟨16⟩ Imāś ca yā raivatakād vinirgatā[ḥ]
palāśinīyaṁ sikatā-vilāsinī|
samudra-kāntāḥ cira-bandhanoṣitāḥ
punaḥ patiṁ śāstra-yathocitaṁ yayuḥ|

29. Vaṁśastha

avekṣya varṣāgama-jaṁ mahodbhramaṁ
mahodadher ūrjayatā priyepsunā|
Aneka-tīrānta-ja-puṣpa-śobhito
⟨17⟩ nadīmayo hasta Iva prasāritaḥ|

30. Vaṁśastha

viṣādya(mānāḥ khalu sarvato ja)nāḥ
kathaṁ kathaṁ kāryam iti pravādinaḥ|
mitho hi pūrvāpara-rātram utthitā
vicintayāṁ cāpi babhūvur utsukāḥ|

31. Vaṁśastha

apīha loke sakale sudarśanaṁ
pumā¿ṁ?⟨n⟩ hi durdarśanatāṁ gataṁ kṣaṇāT|
⟨18⟩ bhaven nu sāmbho-nidhi-tulya-darśanaṁ
su-darśanaṁ [–⏑⏑–⏑–⏑⏓] [||]

32. Upajāti

[⏑–⏑––⏑] vaṇe sa bhūtvā
pituḥ parāṁ bhaktim api pradarśya|
dharmaṁ purodhāya śubhānubandhaṁ
rājño hitārthaṁ nagarasya caiva|

33. Upajāti

saṁvatsarāṇām adhike śate tu
⟨19⟩ triṁśadbhir anyair api saptabhiś ca|
pra [–⏑––⏑⏑] śāstra-vettā
(viśve?) py anujñāta-mahā-prabhāvaḥ|

34. Upajāti

ājya-praṇāmai¿ḥ? vibudhān atheṣṭvā
dhanair dvijātīn api tarpayitvā|
paurāṁs tathābhyarcya yathārha-mānaiḥ
bhr̥tyāṁś ca pūjyān suhr̥daś ca dānaiḥ|

35. Upajāti

⟨20⟩ graiṣmasya māsasya tu pūrva-pa(kṣe)
[⏑–⏑––] (pra)thame hni samyaK|
māsa-dvayenādaravān sa bhūtvā
dhanasya kr̥tvā vyayam aprameyaM|

36. Upajāti

āyāmato hasta-śataṁ samagraṁ
vistārataḥ ṣaṣṭir athāpi cāṣṭau|
⟨21⟩ Utsedhato nyat puruṣāṇi (sapta?)
[⏑–⏑–] (ha)sta-śata-dvayasya|

37. Upajāti

babandha yatnān mahatā nr̥devān
(abhyarcya?) samyag ghaṭitopalena|
a-jāti-duṣṭa¿m? prathitaṁ taṭākaṁ
sudarśanaṁ śāśvata-kalpa-kālaM|

38. Mālinī

⟨22⟩ Api ca sudr̥ḍha-setu-prā(nta?)-vinyasta-śobha-
- ratha-caraṇa-samāhva-krauṁca-haṁsāsa-dhūtaM|
vimala-salila [–––⏑––⏑––]
bhuvi ta [⏑⏑⏑–––] da[.](ā)rkaḥ śaśī ca|

39. Mālinī

⟨23⟩ nagaram api ca bhūyād vr̥ddhimat-paura-juṣṭaṁ
dvija-bahu-śata-gīta-brahma-nirnaṣṭa-pāpaṁ|
śatam api ca samānām īti-durbhikṣa [–⏓]
[⏑⏑⏑⏑⏑⏑–––⏑––⏑––] [||]

(iti suda)rśana-taṭāka-saṁskāra-graṁtha-racanā (sa)māptā||

## Bibliography

First reported in Prinsep 1838. Facsimile published in Jacob 1844
(probably an eye copy, but my digital version lacks the plate; Jacob
describes it as “most carefully compared, the joint labour of Mr.
Westergard, a young Brahman protegé of mine, and myself”). Edited in
Bhau Daji 1861–63, with a cloth tracing made in 1861 by Bhagwanlal
Indraji. Burgess 1875, pp. 17–18 describes a failed attempt to take an
estampage. Burgess 1876 also prints Indraji’s cloth tracing (plate XV),
along with Bhau Daji’s transliteration (pp. 134-136) and translation
(revised by Eggeling, pp. 136-138), also summarising (p. 30) a local
legend that mentions Cakrapālita, Parṇadatta and Skandagupta. Critically
edited in Fleet 1888. Correction proposed in Agrawal 1941, p. 59.

Originally encoded for Siddham in the project Beyond Boundaries (Grant
Agreement No. 609823) by Dániel Balogh (2019, № IN00032). Encoding
updated to DHARMA conventions by Dániel Balogh.

### Secondary

Fleet, John Faithfull. 1888. Inscriptions of the early Gupta kings and
their successors. First edition. Vol. 3. Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum.
Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing. Item 14.

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna, Bahadur Chand Chhabra & Govind
Swamirao Gai. 1981. Inscriptions of the early Gupta kings. Corpus
inscriptionum indicarum 3, revised edition. New Delhi: Archaeological
survey of India. Item 28.

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna. 1927–1936. A list of the inscriptions
of northern India in Brahmi and its derivative scripts, from about 200
A. C.: Appendix to Epigraphia Indica and record of the Archaeological
Survey of India, volumes XIX to XXIII. Calcutta: Archaeological Survey
of India. [URL]. Item 1276.

Sircar, Dines Chandra. 1965. Select inscriptions bearing on Indian
history and civilization. Volume I: from the sixth century B.C. to the
sixth century A.D. 2nd edition revised and enlarged. Calcutta:
University of Calcutta. Book III, item 25.

Agrawala, Prithvi Kumar. 1983. Imperial Gupta Epigraphs
(गुप्ताधिराजलेखमण्डल). Ancient Indian Epigraphical Sources (प्रत्नाभिलेखसंहिता)
10, pt. 1 / 2. Varanasi: Books Asia, Distributed by Prithvi Prakashan.
Item 32.

Goyal, Śrīrām. 1993. गुप्तकालीन अभिलेख/Guptakālīna Abhilekha (Inscriptions
of the Gupta Age). Jodhpur: Kusumanjali Prakashan. Items 223-247.