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                <title>SII 3.113: original edition by H. Krishna Sastri</title>
                <title type="alt">XII.—INSCRIPTIONS OF RAJAKESARIVARMAN, MADIRAIKONDA RAJAKESARIVARMAN OR GANDARADITYA. No. 113.—ON THE SOUTH WALL OF THE CENTRAL SHRINE IN THE GHRITASTHANESVARA TEMPLE AT TILLASTHANAM. No. 287 of 1911.</title>
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                        <forename>Emmanuel</forename>
                        <surname>Francis</surname>
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            <funder>European Research Council (ERC), grant agreement no 809994</funder></titleStmt>
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                <authority><ref target="https://dharmalekha.info">DHARMA</ref></authority>
                <pubPlace>Paris, CEIAS</pubPlace>
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            <date from="2019" to="2026">2019-2026</date></publicationStmt>
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                            <p>This inscription is dated in the 13th year of <hi rend="bold">Rājakēsarivarman</hi>. It records gifts of gold made by <hi rend="bold">Teṉṉavaṉ Pirudimārāśaṉ</hi> <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Kaṭṭi Oṟṟiūraṉ</hi> and <hi rend="bold">Varaguṇa-Perumāṉār</hi>, the wife of <hi rend="bold">Parāntaka Iḷaṅgōvēḷār</hi>, for two perpetual lamps to be burnt in the temple of <hi rend="bold">Mahādēva</hi> (<hi rend="italic">Śiva</hi>) of <hi rend="bold">Tiruneyttāṉam</hi> which was a <hi rend="italic">dēvadāna (village</hi>) in <hi rend="bold">Poygai-nāḍu</hi>.</p>						
                            
                            <p>Among the boundaries described in the inscription the embankment <hi rend="bold">Karikālakarai</hi> is worthy of mention.</p>						
                            
                            <p><hi rend="bold">Varaguṇa-Perumāṉār</hi> under the name <hi rend="bold">Varaguṇā</hi> has been mentioned in the <hi rend="bold">Mūvarkōyil</hi> inscription at <hi rend="bold">Koḍumbāḷūr</hi><note><hi rend="italic">Madras Epigraphical Report</hi> for 1908, pp. 87ff.</note> as the wife of <hi rend="bold">Bhūti-Vikramakēsarin</hi> whose other name was <hi rend="bold">Madhurāntaka-Irukkuvēḷ</hi>. Perhaps <hi rend="bold">Parāntaka Iḷaṅgōvēḷār</hi> of our inscription is the same as <hi rend="bold">Madhurāntaka Irukkuvēḷ</hi>.</p>						
                            
                            <p>Mr. Venkayya considered that <hi rend="bold">Madhurāntaka Irukkuvēl</hi> was a contemporary of <hi rend="bold">Āditya Karikāla II</hi>.<note><hi rend="italic">Ibid.</hi></note> The palaeography suggests a much earlier period for the inscription.</p>						
                            
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                            <p>The <foreign>virāmas</foreign> are marked throughout by a zigzag line placed at the top of the letters and the length of the consonants is denoted by a symbol which looks like <foreign>ḷa</foreign>.</p>
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            <change who="part:emfr" when="2026-01-15" status="draft">Further conversion of digital encoding to DHARMA encoding scheme according to EGD (Encoding Guide for Diplomatic Editions)</change>
            <change who="part:mime" when="2025-11-26" status="draft">Conversion of digital encoding to DHARMA encoding scheme according to EGD (Encoding Guide for Diplomatic Editions)</change>
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                    <lb n="1"/><hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi> <supplied reason="undefined"><g ref="sym:doubleBar" type="punctuation">.</g></supplied> <hi rend="grantha">korājakesari</hi>va<hi rend="grantha">rma</hi>ṟku yāṇṭu <num value="13"><g type="numeral">10</g> 3</num> Āvatu poykaiñāṭṭut
                    <lb n="2"/>tevatāṉan tiruneyttāṉattu <hi rend="grantha">mahāde</hi>va<unclear>rk</unclear>kut teṉṉavaṉ piru
                    <lb n="3" break="no"/>timārācaṉāyiṉa kaṭṭi OṟṟiŪraṉ nicati Uḻakku neyyāloru nontāviḷa
                    <lb n="4" break="no"/>kkerivatākak kuṭutta poṉ <num value="25">2 <g type="numeral">10</g> 5</num> <g ref="sym:tam-kalancu"/> Um parāntakaviḷaṅkoveḷār teviyā
                    <lb n="5" break="no"/>r varakuṇaperumāṉār Oru nontāviḷakkiṉukkuk kuṭutta poṉ <num value="25">2 <g type="numeral">10</g> 5</num> <g ref="sym:tam-kalancu"/> Umākap po
                    <lb n="6" break="no"/>ṉ <num value="50">5 <g type="numeral">10</g></num> <g ref="sym:tam-kalancu"/> ñciṉālum tevar <unclear>nilaṅ</unclear> kaṟai<unclear>yu</unclear>ntiṭaluṅ kalvi nirnilamāka macakkiṉa <unclear>nilat</unclear>
                    <lb n="7" break="no"/>tukkellai karaikkiḻ vi<hi rend="grantha">ṣṇubha</hi>ṭṭāra<unclear>ka</unclear>r tuṭavaikku me<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>kkuṅ karikālakkaraikku vaṭakkun tevaruṭai
                    <lb n="8" break="no"/>ya puṉceykkaṟāykkuk kiḻakkumantaṉūr <unclear>vā</unclear>ykkālukku<unclear>t</unclear> teṟkumivvicaiytta perunā
                    <lb n="9" break="no"/>ṉkellaiyuḷ<supplied reason="omitted">ḷa</supplied>kappaṭṭa nilam ce pattucceyuṅ k<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>o</corr></choice>ṇṭu nicatiyiraṇṭu nontāviḷa
                    <lb n="10" break="no"/>kku <hi rend="grantha">candrādi</hi>t=taval Erippomāṉon tiruneyttāṉattu <hi rend="grantha">sabhai</hi>yum pātamulamumitu <hi rend="grantha">panlāheśvarar· rakṣ<unclear>ai</unclear></hi> <unclear><g ref="sym:doubleBar" type="punctuation">.</g><g ref="sym:dash-long" type="punctuation">.</g></unclear>
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            <div type="translation" source="bib:KrishnaSastri1920_01">
                
                <p>(Line 1.) Hail ! Prosperity ! In the 13th year of (<hi rend="italic">the reign of</hi>) king <hi rend="bold">Rājakēsarivarman, Teṉṉavaṉ Pirudimārāśaṉ</hi> <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Kaṭṭi Oṟṟi-ūraṉ</hi> gave 25 <hi rend="italic">kaḻañju</hi><note><foreign>Kaḻañju</foreign> is indicated by the symbol.</note> of gold for burning one perpetual lamp with (<hi rend="italic">one) uḻakku</hi> of ghee every day, to the (<hi rend="italic">god</hi>) <hi rend="bold">Mahādēva</hi> (<hi rend="italic">Śiva</hi>) of <hi rend="bold">Tiruneyttāṉam</hi> which was a <hi rend="italic">dēvadāna</hi> in <hi rend="bold">Poygāi-nāḍu</hi>; and <hi rend="bold">Varaguṇa-Perumāṉār</hi>, the queen (<hi rend="italic">dēviyār</hi>) of <hi rend="bold">Parāntaka-Iḷaṅgōvēḷār</hi>, (<hi rend="italic">also</hi>) gave 25 <hi rend="italic">kaḻañju</hi><note><foreign>Kaḻañju</foreign> is indicated by the symbol.</note> of gold for one perpetual lamp. With (<hi rend="italic">this</hi>) total of 50 <hi rend="italic">kaḻañju</hi><note><foreign>Kaḻañju</foreign> is indicated by the symbol.</note> of gold (<hi rend="italic">some</hi>) land of the god was cleared of its borders and mounds and converted into a wet field. The boundaries (<hi rend="italic">of this reclaimed</hi>) land (<hi rend="italic">are):—</hi></p>
                
                <p>(L. 7.) West of the cultivated land (<hi rend="italic">tuḍavai</hi>) of (<hi rend="italic">the god</hi>) <hi rend="bold">Vishṇu-Bhaṭṭāraka</hi> (<hi rend="italic">lying to the</hi>) east of the border; north of the embankment (<hi rend="italic">called</hi>) <hi rend="bold">Karikāla-karai</hi>; east of the <hi rend="italic">kaṟāy</hi> dry lands of the god; and south of (<hi rend="italic">the channel called</hi>) <hi rend="bold">Andanūr-vāykkāl</hi>. Having (<hi rend="italic">thus</hi>) received the ten <hi rend="italic">śey</hi> of cultivated wet land situated within the four great boundaries thus described, we, the assembly and the <hi rend="italic">pādamūlam</hi><note>This term is now generally used as a polite term of respect for a high person, but seems to apply here to the priests of the <hi rend="italic">pādamūla, i.e.</hi>, of God.</note> of <hi rend="bold">Tiruneyttāṉam</hi>, agree to burn daily two perpetual lamps, as long as the moon and the sun (<hi rend="italic">endure). (The assembly of</hi>) all <hi rend="italic">Māhēśvaras</hi> shall protect this (<hi rend="italic">charity</hi>).</p>
                
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                <p>Digital edition of SII 3.113 by <bibl><ptr target="bib:KrishnaSastri1920_01"/></bibl> converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.</p>
                
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                        <citedRange unit="page">249-250</citedRange>
                        <citedRange unit="item">113</citedRange>
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