# SII 3.43: original edition by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch

Emmanuel Francis

Alternative title: V.—INSCRIPTIONS AT TIRUVALLAM. No. 43.—ON THE NORTH
WALL OF THE MAHAMANDAPA IN THE BILVANATHESVARA TEMPLE

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0043

Repository: SII original (south-indian-inscriptions)

File path: SII_B_clean/SII03/DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0043.xml

Language: Tamil [Grantha, Tamil]

Commit: 2026-11-14 15:07 (85a1dec), last modified 2026-09-29 11:08
(2b36d53)

## Summary

This inscription and No. 44 are written continuously, the first two
words of No. 44 occupying the end of line 46 of No. 43. The two first
lines of No. 43 state that both inscriptions are copies of earlier stone
inscriptions, and that these copies were made when the maṇḍapa of the
temple was pulled down and rebuilt. Consequently the alphabet of Nos. 43
and 44 exhibits more recent forms than No. 42, though the date of No. 43
is anterior to No. 42.

No. 43 belongs to the 17th year of the reign of the same king as No.
42,—Vijaya-Nandivikramavarman (l. 3 f.). It records that three villages
were granted to the temple at the request of the Bāṇa king Vikramāditya
(l. 12 ff.). Two chiefs of this name are mentioned in the Udayēndiram
plates of Vikramāditya II.[1] The grant recorded in these plates must be
prior to the time of Pṛithivīpati II., because the Chōḷa king Parāntaka
I. transferred to the latter the Bāṇa kingdom, which he had wrested from
two Bāṇa chiefs.[2] The accession of Pṛithivīpati II. has to be placed
before the 9th year of Parāntaka I., i.e. before about A.D. 909.[3]
Consequently, as pointed out by Dr. Fleet,[4] Kṛishṇarāja, the friend of
the Bāṇa king Vikramāditya II.,[5] seems to have been the Rāshṭrakūṭa
king Kṛishṇa II. (A.D. 888 and 911-12); and the Bāṇa king Vikramāditya,
who is mentioned in the subjoined inscription as a contemporary of
Vijaya-Nandivikramavarman in the 17th year of this king, may be
identified with Vikramāditya I., the grandfather of that Vikramāditya
II. who issued the Udayēndiram grant.

One of the three villages granted was Aimbūṇi (l. 6), apparently the
modern Ammuṇḍi[6] near Tiruvallam. The three villages were clubbed
together into one village, which received the new name
Viḍēlviḍugu-Vikkiramāditta-chaturvēdimaṅgalam (l. 9 ff. and 1. 20 ff.).
The executor of the grant was Kāḍupaṭṭi-Tamiḻa-Pērarayaṉ (l. 15). The
same title was borne by the executor of the Bāhūr plates of
Vijaya-Nṛipatuṅgavarman. In the transcript of these plates, which is in
my hands,[7] he is called vīṭōlaiviṭukkakāṭupaṭṭittamiḻappērarayaṉ,
which is evidently a mistake of the copyist for
Viḍēlviḍugu-Kāḍupaṭṭi-Tamiḻa-Pērarayaṉ. This title and the surname of
the village granted by the present inscription[8] suggest that
Viḍēlviḍugu, i.e. ‘the crashing thunderbolt,’ may have been a surname of
Vijaya-Nandivikramavarman and of his son Vijaya-Nṛipatuṅgavarman.

Of great interest is the mention of persons who had to sing the
Tiruppadiyam, i.e. the Dēvāram, in the temple (l. 32 f.). Hitherto the
earliest known mention of the Dēvāram was in an inscription of Rājarāja
I.[9] The subjoined inscription proves that it was considered a holy
book already in the 9th century A.D.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

## Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī [∥] ti(ruma)ṇṭapamiḻicciye(ṭu)ppa⟨2⟩taṟku muṉpuḷḷa
cilālekaippaṭi [∥] ⟨3⟩ ko vijayanan=tivikkiramapanmar(k)ku yā(ṇ)ṭu 10 7
⟨4⟩ Āvatu paṭu(vūr)kk(o)ṭṭattu mīyāṟunāṭṭuttikk(ā)⟨5⟩livallamu(ṭ)aiya
parameśvarar(kku) ⟨6⟩ Iṉṉā(ṭṭu) Aim(pū)ṇiyum vi⟨7⟩ḷattūrum Ittevar
te(va)⟨8⟩tā(ṉa)m Ama(ru)ṉṟimaṅka(lamu)⟨9⟩m
viṭelviṭukuvikkiramā⟨10⟩tittaccaturvvetimaṅ⟨11⟩kalameṉṉum perā⟨12⟩l
Ekakkirāmamāka māvali⟨13⟩vāṇarāyaṉā(ṉa) vik(ki)ramā(tit)ta⟨14⟩vāṇarāyaṉ
viṇṇappat(t)ālu⟨15⟩m kāṭupa(ṭ)ṭittamiḻap(p)era⟨ra⟩(ya)ṉ ⟨16⟩ Āṇattiyālum
Ekakkirāmamākki
(I)v(va)⟨17⟩(ma)ruṉṟimaṅkalamuṉṉittīkarālivalla⟨18⟩muṭaiya
parameśvararkku Iṟuttu va⟨19⟩(ru)kiṉṟa 𑿕 Iraṇṭāyirakkāṭiyum ⟨20⟩
poṉṉirupatiṉ
kaḻañcumivvi⟨21⟩ṭelviṭukuvikkiramātittaccat¿i?⟨u⟩r⟨22⟩vvetimaṅkalattuccavaiyār
⟨23⟩ Iṟuppārākavumiṉṉellilt(ti)⟨24⟩ruvamirtukku nellu
Aṟunūṟṟu⟨25⟩kkāṭiyum tiruvuṇṇāḻikaiyuḷḷār(ā)⟨26⟩ti(t)tuppācarikkum
(śi)(va)brāhmaṇa⟨27⟩rkku nellu Aiñ⟨28⟩ñūṟṟukkāṭiyum śrīpa⟨29⟩li
koṭṭuvārkku nellu ⟨30⟩ Aiññūṟṟukkā(ṭiyu)m ⟨31⟩ tiruppaḷḷittāmam ⟨32⟩
paṟippārkkum tirup⟨33⟩patiyam pāṭuvāruḷḷi⟨34⟩ṭṭa palapaṇi ceyvār⟨35⟩kku
nellu nānūṟṟu⟨36⟩kkāṭiyum tiruko(n=t)ā⟨37⟩viḷakkukkum
tirumeyppūccuk(kum) ⟨38⟩ citārik(ku)maṟṟum
khaṇḍas¿p?⟨ph⟩uṭitana(va)ka⟨39⟩¿n?⟨r⟩m(ā)¿t?⟨d⟩ikaḷukkummākap(p)oṉ
I(rupa)ti⟨40⟩ṉ kaḻañcum Āka Iṉ(ṉe)llum ⟨41⟩ Ippoṉṉu(m) Ittevaṟkku ⟨42⟩
cantrātittavalliṟuppārkaḷā⟨43⟩(ka)vum [|] Ipparicu
nivan=tamāka⟨44⟩cceytu kuṭutto(m) [|] ⟨45⟩ Iddhmamma
panmāhe⟨46⟩(śva)rarakṣai ∥⁓∥௳

## Apparatus

⟨4⟩ tikk(ā) • Read tīkkā.

⟨17⟩ tīkara • Read tīkkā.

⟨19⟩ 𑿕 • This symbol is an abbreviation for nellu; see above, p. 7, note
8.

⟨36⟩ ko(n=t)ā • Read nontā.

⟨45⟩ Iddhmamma • Read Iddharmam.

## Translation by Hultzsch 1899

(Line 1.) Hail ! Prosperity ! (The following is) a copy of a stone
inscription which existed before the maṇḍapa of the temple had been
pulled down and re-erected.

(L. 3.) In the 17th year (of the reign) of king
Vijaya-Nandivikramavarman.

(L. 4.) Māvalivāṇarāya, alias Vikkiramādittavāṇarāya, (had made) the
request that to (the temple of) Paramēśvara (Śiva) at Tīkkāli-Vallam in
Mīyāṟu-nāḍu, (a subdivision) of Paḍuvūr-kōṭṭam, (should be given three
villages) in the same nāḍu, (viz.) Aim[bū]ṇi, Viḷattūr and
Amaruṉṟimaṅgalam, a dēvadāna of this god, (and that they should be
clubbed together into) one village, named
Viḍēlviḍugu-Vikkiramāditta-chaturvēdimaṅgalam.

(L. 14.) In conformity with (this request), and
Kāḍupaṭṭi-Tamiḻa-Pēra[ra]yaṉ being the executor,[10] (the three
villages) were made into one village.

(L. 16.) The members of the assembly of this
Viḍēlviḍugu-Vikkiramādittachaturvēdimaṅgalam shall have to pay two
thousand kāḍi of paddy and twenty kaḻañju of gold, which were being paid
before by this Amaruṉṟimaṅgalam to this (temple of) Paramēśvara at
Tīkkāli-Vallam.

(L. 23.) Of this paddy, six hundred kāḍi of paddy (are allotted) for
offerings; five hundred kāḍi of paddy to the Śiva-Brāhmaṇas who desire
to be fed, beginning with those in charge of the store-room of the
temple;[11] five hundred kāḍi of paddy to those who beat (drums before)
oblations; four hundred kāḍi of paddy to those who pick (flowers for)
temple garlands, and to those who perform various (other) services,
including the singers of the Tiruppadiyam; and twenty kaḻañju of gold
for the perpetual lamps, for anointing the idol, for bark,[12] and for
repairing breaks and cracks, etc.

(L. 40.) (The members of the assembly) shall have to pay this paddy and
this gold to this god as long as the moon and the sun exist.

(L. 43.) In this manner we[13] have given (the village) for (providing)
the necessaries.

(L. 45.) This charity (is placed under) the protection of all
Māhēśvaras.

## Bibliography

Digital edition of SII 3.43 by Hultzsch 1899 converted to DHARMA
conventions by Emmanuel Francis.

See also edition by Emmanuel Francis (INSPallava00132).

### Primary

[SII] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1899. South-Indian inscriptions.
Volume III: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil country. Part I:
Inscriptions at Ukkal, Melpadi, Karuvur, Manimangalam and Tiruvallam.
South Indian Inscriptions 3.1. Madras: Government Press. Pages 92–94,
item 43.

[1] Ep. Ind. Vol. III. p. 75.

[2] Above, Vol. II. pp. 379 and 381.

[3] Ep. Ind. Vol. IV. p. 222.

[4] I am quoting from a manuscript article on the Bāṇas, which he has
kindly placed at my disposal.

[5] Ep. Ind. Vol. III. p. 75.

[6] No. 2 on the Madras Survey Map of the Guḍiyātam tāluka. A different
village of the same name (properly Aṉpūṇḍi, No. 101 on the map of the
Vellore tāluka) is mentioned in Vol. I. pp. 87 f. and 135 f.

[7] See Ep. Ind. Vol. IV. p. 180.

[8] The second member of the triple compound
Viḍēlviḍugu-Vikkiramāditta-chaturvēdimaṅgalam is the name of the Bāṇa
chief at whose request the grant was made.

[9] See above, Vol. II. p. 252.

[10] On āṇatti see Ep. Ind. Vol. V. p. 52, note 10.

[11] See above, p. 20, note 5.

[12] See above, Vol. II. p. 130, note 2.

[13] Viz. the king.