# Cāṇaṅkuppam, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 12

Emmanuel Francis

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00425

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy)

File path: DHARMA_INSPallava00425.xml

Language: Tamil [Grantha, Tamil]

Commit: 2026-10-08 12:16 (1b1b17c), last modified 2026-09-29 11:09
(6edbbfa)

## Summary

Hero-stone inscription commemorating the death of Viṉaiyittaṉ and
donation in honour of the deceased hero. Slab exhibited in Vellore ASI
Museum in 2009.

## Palaeographic description

The puḷḷi is used.

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## Edition

⟨1⟩ [svast]i śrī

kō-vicai⟨ya⟩-nan·ti-vikkirama-paruma⟨2⟩[ṟk]u yāṇṭu paṉ·ṉiraṇ·ṭ-āvatu

paṭuvūr-k⟨3⟩-k[ō]ṭ·ṭat·tu Aṭaiy¿a?⟨ā⟩ṟu-nāṭu vicaiyātit·ta⟨4⟩ṉ-āṉa
kam·paṭikaḷ muruṅkai mēṟ paṭai vanta⟨5⟩[ñ]āṉṟu poṉ(·)ṉēṟar
ka¡l!⟨ḷ⟩atti(l)uḷ· pāṉ· mu⟨6⟩[t]taraiyar marumakaṉ viṉaiy¡i!⟨ī⟩ttaṉ
kutirai ⟨7⟩ [mu]ṭṭaṉi mēl Eṟintu pattāṉ

Avaṟ·ku (v)iṇṭa⟨8⟩l paṭ⟨9⟩ṭiyum⟨10⟩cemmā⟨11⟩rp·-paṭ⟨12⟩ṭiyum ⟨13⟩
(kuṭu)ttu

[unknown number of lost lines]

⟨14⟩ It’ aḻitāṉ nara […]

## Apparatus

⟨1⟩ °vicai⟨ya⟩° ⬦ °vicaiya° R • The letter ya possibly added below the
line.

⟨3⟩ Aṭaiy¿a?⟨ā⟩ṟu° ⬦ Aṭaiyaṟu° R.

⟨5⟩ ka¡l!⟨ḷ⟩atti(l)uḷ· ⬦ kaḷattiluḷ R. — ⟨5⟩ pāṉ· ⬦ bāṇa(ṇa)- R • pāṉ·
might be emended to pāṇa-.

⟨7⟩ (v)iṇṭa⟨8⟩l ⬦ miṇa⟨8⟩l R • R however comments on miṇṭal in his
introduction to his edition.

## Translation

⟨1⟩ [Prosperity!] Fortune!

⟨1–2⟩ Twelfth year of the victorious king Nantivikkiramaparumaṉ.[1]

⟨2–7⟩ Viṉaiyīttaṉ, the son-in-law ⟨of⟩ (Bāṇa) Muttaraiyar, fell fighting
upon (mēl) … (kutirai muṭṭaṉi) in the battlefield (kaḷam) ⟨with⟩
Poṉṉērar, when Kampaṭikaḷ alias Vicaiyātittaṉ[2] marched[3] ⟨with his⟩
army upon Muruṅkai, in the Ātaiyāṟunāṭu of the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam.

⟨7–13⟩ To him[4], (having given) Viṇṭal Paṭṭi and Cemmār Paṭṭi …

[unknown number of lost lines]

⟨14⟩ He who destroys[5] this ⟨donation⟩ [he will go to] (hell ?)
(nara[6]).

## Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1992–93 (ARIE/1992-1993/B/1992-1993/315).

Edited in Rajavelu 1996 (JESI 20.16). Text in Dayalan 2005. Edited in
Pūṅkuṉṟaṉ 2021, with visual documentation (p. 281).

This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (2009).

### Primary

[R] Rajavelu, S. 1996. “Vellore Fort Museum inscription of Nandivarman
II.” JESI 20, pp. 64–66.

[D] Dayalan, D. 2005. Computer application in Indian epigraphy (Pallava
period). 3 vols. New Delhi: Bharatiya Kala Prakashan. Volume 3, appendix
I, page 1252, item 19.

[P] Pūṅkuṉṟaṉ, Ra. 2021. Tamiḻnāṭṭuk kalveṭṭukaḷ tokuti XVIII. Vēlūr
māvaṭṭak kalveṭṭukaḷ tokuti I. TNSDA Epigraphical Series 57. Chennai:
Government of Tamil Nadu, State Department of Archaeology. Item
134/2021, page 158.

### Secondary

ARIE 1992–93. Annual report on Indian epigraphy for 1992-93. Edited by
Madhav N. Katti. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India, 1998. Page
53, appendixes B/1992-93, item 315.

[1] Sanskrit Nandivikramavarman.

[2] Sanskrit Vijayāditya.

[3] Literally: went.

[4] That is, in honour of him.

[5] That is, harms.

[6] That is, a lacunose form of narakam.