# Mahābalipuram, Shore Temple, biruda (1/2)

Emmanuel Francis

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00316

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy)

File path: DHARMA_INSPallava00316.xml

Language: Sanskrit [Grantha]

Commit: 2026-10-08 12:16 (1b1b17c), last modified 2026-09-29 11:09
(6edbbfa)

## Summary

An isolated biruda.

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## Edition

⟨1⟩ Ekavīra

## Apparatus

⟨1⟩ Ekavīra • The reading Ekavīraḥ seems possible, considering the other
biruda inscriptions at Mahābalipuram.

## Translation

The unique hero.

## Translation into French

Le héros unique.

## Commentary

Mahalingam 1988 (IP 316) translates as “The unrivalled hero.”

This appears to be a biruda of Narasiṁhavarman II Pallava, also attested
in inscriptions Pallava 54, Pallava 60 and Pallava 63

## Bibliography

Reported in IAR 1957-58. Text and translation in Mahalingam 1988 (IP
316).

This digital edition by Emmanuel Francis.

### Primary

[IAR] IAR 1957-58. Indian Archaeology 1957-58: A Review. Edited by
Amalananda Ghosh. New Delhi: Department of Archaeology, Government of
India, 1958. Page 56, plate 19.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi;
Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Page 715,
item 316.

### Secondary

Srinivasan, K. R. 1975. The Dharmarāja Ratha and its sculptures:
Mahābalipuram. New Delhi: Abhinav. Page 89.

Francis, Emmanuel. 2013. Le discours royal dans l’Inde du Sud ancienne :
inscriptions et monuments Pallava, IV^(ème)-IX^(ème) siècles. Tome I :
Introduction et sources. Publications de l’Institut orientaliste de
Louvain 64. Louvain-la-Neuve; Paris: Université catholique de Louvain,
Institut orientaliste; Peeters. Page 289, item IR 64.