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            <title>Tiruvallam, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 62</title>
            <respStmt>
                <resp key="creator">author of digital edition</resp>
                <persName ref="part:emfr">
                    <forename>Emmanuel</forename>
                    <surname>Francis</surname>
                </persName>
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        <funder>European Research Council (ERC), grant agreement no 809994</funder></titleStmt>
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            <authority><ref target="https://dharmalekha.info">DHARMA</ref></authority>
            <pubPlace>Paris, CEIAS</pubPlace>
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            <date from="2019" to="2026">2019-2026</date>
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                <msIdentifier><repository>as per external metadata</repository></msIdentifier>
                <msContents>
                    <summary>Rock inscription recording ...</summary>
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<div type="edition" xml:lang="tam-Latn" rendition="class:tamil maturity:83215">            
            
    <ab xml:lang="san-Latn" rendition="class:grantha maturity:vernacular">
        <lb n="1" style="text-align: left"/>Om· namaś śivāya<surplus>m·</surplus>
    </ab>
    
    <ab>
        <hi rend="grantha"><unclear>sva</unclear>sti śrī</hi>
    </ab>
    
    <p>
        <lb n="2"/>kō-vicaiya-nanti-vikkirama-parumaṟku yā 
        <lb n="3" break="no"/>ṇṭ’ aṟu-pa<unclear>t</unclear>t-iraṇ<unclear>ṭ</unclear>-ā<unclear>va</unclear>tu
    </p>
    
    <p>
        <hi rend="grantha">sakala-jaga<reg>t</reg>tra</hi>
        <lb n="4" break="no"/>yā<hi rend="grantha">bhi</hi>va<hi rend="grantha">ndi</hi>ta-<hi rend="grantha">surāsurādhīśa-parameśvara-prati</hi> 
        <lb n="5" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha">hārikr̥</hi>ta-<hi rend="grantha">mahā</hi>va<hi rend="grantha">li-kulo<choice><orig>t</orig><reg>d</reg></choice>·bha</hi>va-<hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-māvalivāṇa<hi rend="grantha">rā</hi>yar 
        <lb n="6"/>vaṭu<unclear>kava</unclear>ḻi <unclear>pa</unclear>ṉṉī<choice><orig>rr</orig><reg>r</reg></choice>āyiramum Āḻa v<unclear>āṇa</unclear>purattu 
        <lb n="7"/>vaṭa-<unclear>c</unclear>ikara-kōyil putukkuvittu Itaṟku Iḷaṅ
        <lb n="8" break="no"/>kiḻavar makaṉ maṉṟāṭiṭai Aḻiñciṟka<unclear>ḷam</unclear> paṭṭi <unclear>vi</unclear>laikku 
        <lb n="9"/>koṇṭu kuṭuttēṉ
    </p>
    
    <p>	
        U<unclear>ṟ</unclear>ṟukkāṭṭu kōṭṭattu <unclear>A</unclear>ḷiṅkaṇa-pā<supplied reason="omitted">kka</supplied>ttu 
        <lb n="10" break="no"/>kīḻakattu taṭṭāṉ mā<unclear>ta</unclear><choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> maka<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> <unclear>A</unclear>ritīraṉ kuṭutta tēvar pōkam
        <lb n="11" break="no"/>ma<hi rend="grantha">hā</hi>valivāṇarāyar piṭākai valañ-ceytu koṭuttār
    </p>
    
    <p>
        Itu kāt
        <lb n="12" break="no"/>tā<unclear>r A</unclear>ṭi <supplied reason="lost">y-eṉ muṭi mē</supplied>laṉa
    </p>
    
    <p>
        Itu Aḻittāṉ kaṭikai <unclear>E</unclear>ḻā Iru<unclear>va</unclear>raiyum
        <lb n="13"/>ko<unclear>ṉṟa pāvattu pa</unclear>ṭuvāṉ
    </p>
    
    <p>
        Itu Aḻi<unclear>t</unclear>tāṉ Ip-pāvattu<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied>ku Añcāṉāyil 
        <lb n="14"/><unclear>Aṉ</unclear> <gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/> kōyilu<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied>ku Āyiram kā<unclear>ṇam ta</unclear>ṇṭa-p-paṭuvōm vāṇapurattō<unclear>m</unclear>
    </p>         	
    
    <lg n="1" met="anuṣṭubh" xml:lang="san-Latn" rendition="class:grantha maturity:83215">
        
        <l n="a">
            <lb n="15"/><choice><sic>va</sic><corr>ba</corr></choice><unclear>hu</unclear>bhir<unclear>·</unclear> vasudhā dattā
        </l>
        
        <l n="b">
            rāja<unclear>bh</unclear>i<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> sakaradibhi<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied>
        </l>
        
        <l n="c">
            yasya yasya yadā bhū<lb n="16" break="no"/>mi<supplied reason="omitted">s</supplied>
        </l>	
        
        <l n="d">
            tasya tasya tadā phalam·
        </l>
    </lg>
    
</div>
         
         <div type="apparatus">
            
            <listApp>
               
               <app loc="2">
                  <lem>°nanti-vikkirama°</lem>
                  <note>There is a blank space between <foreign>°nanti°</foreign> and <foreign>°vikkirama°</foreign>, as the final character of line 1 (<foreign><hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi></foreign>) interrupts this word.</note><!--Restore <gap> descending</gap>-->
               </app>
               
               <app loc="3">
                  <lem>°jagatrayā°</lem>
                  <note>That, is <foreign><hi rend="grantha">jagat+trayā°</hi></foreign></note><!--Check EG-->
               </app>
            
               <app loc="7">
                  <lem>Itaṟku</lem>
                  <rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01">I<unclear>ta</unclear>ṟku</rdg>
               </app>
               
               <app loc="9">
                  <lem>U<unclear>ṟ</unclear>ṟukkāṭṭu</lem>
                  <rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01">Uṟṟukkāṭṭu</rdg>
               </app>
               
               <app loc="12">
                  <lem>Iru<unclear>va</unclear>raiyum</lem>
                  <rdg source="bib:Mahalingam1988_01">I<choice><sic>ru</sic><corr>ra</corr></choice><unclear>va</unclear>raiyum</rdg>
               </app>
               
               <app loc="13">
                  <lem>ko<unclear>ṉṟa pāvattu pa</unclear>ṭuvāṉ</lem>
                  <rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01">ko<unclear>ṉṟa p</unclear>āvattu <unclear>pa</unclear>ṭuvāṉ</rdg>
               </app>
               
               <app loc="14">
                  <lem><unclear>Aṉ</unclear> <gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/></lem>
                  <note>see SII fn3.</note>
               </app>
               
               <app loc="14">
                  <lem>kā<unclear>ṇam</unclear></lem>
                  <rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01">kāṇam</rdg>
               </app>
               
               <app loc="15">
                  <lem><hi rend="grantha"><choice><sic>va</sic><corr>ba</corr></choice><unclear>hu</unclear>bhir<unclear>·</unclear></hi></lem>
                  <rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"><hi rend="grantha"><choice><sic>va</sic><corr>ba</corr></choice><unclear>hu</unclear>bhir·</hi></rdg>
                  <note>The reading <foreign><hi rend="grantha">bahubhir·</hi></foreign> seems also possible</note>
               </app>
               
               <app loc="15">
                  <lem>rāja<unclear>bh</unclear>i<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></lem>
                  <rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01">rāja<unclear>bhi</unclear><supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></rdg>        
               </app>
               
               <app loc="15">
                  <lem>sakaradibhi<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></lem>
                  <note>That is, <foreign><hi rend="grantha">sagaradibhi</hi>ḥ</foreign>.</note>
               </app>
               
            </listApp>
            
         </div>

<div type="translation" source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01">
	<note type="credit">Text standardised according to DHARMA transliteration scheme.</note>
      	<p n="1">Ōm. Obeisance to Śiva! Hail! Prosperity!</p>
      	<p n="2-9">In the sixty-second year <supplied reason="explanation">of the reign</supplied> of king Vijaya-Nandivikrama-varman, while the glorious Māvalivāṇarāya,— born from the family of Mahābali, who had been made door-keeper by the lord of gods and demons, Parameśvara <supplied reason="explanation">Śiva</supplied>, who is worshipped in all the three worlds,— was ruling the Vaṭu<unclear>kava</unclear>ḻi twelve-thousand,— I, <unclear>A</unclear>ridhiraṉ, the son of Mā<unclear>ta</unclear>ṉ, a goldsmith <supplied reason="explanation">and resident</supplied> of a house in the east of <unclear>A</unclear>ḷiṅganāpā<unclear>kka</unclear>m in <supplied reason="explanation">the district of</supplied> Ūṟṟukkāṭṭu-kōṭṭam,<note>7 See above, Vol. II. p. 345 and note 4.</note> caused to be renewed the Vaṭa-<unclear>ci</unclear>kara-kōyil<note>8 I.e. ‘the temple with the tower in the north.’</note> at Vāṇapuram and gave to it the <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṭṭi</foreign></supplied><note>9 On this term see above, Vol. II. p. 359, note 12.</note> <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> Aḻiñciṟka<unclear>ḷam</unclear>, <supplied reason="explanation">which I had</supplied> bought from Maṉṟāṭi, the son of Iḷaṅkiḻavar.</p>
	<p n="10">Mahāvalivāṇarāya circumambulated the hamlet <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>piṭākai</foreign></supplied> towards the right and granted <supplied reason="explanation">the land</supplied> enjoyed by the god, which <supplied reason="explanation">Aridhīraṉ</supplied> had given.</p>
	<p n="11">The feet of him who protects this <supplied reason="explanation">charity</supplied>, <supplied reason="explanation">shall be</supplied> on my head.<note>1 See above, p. 39, note 4.</note> He who destroys this <supplied reason="explanation">charity</supplied>, shall incur the sin of one who kills the great men who are permanent <supplied reason="explanation">members</supplied><note>2 Literally, ‘who do not rise.’</note> of the assembly.<note>3 The two Tamil words <foreign>iruvar</foreign> and <foreign>kaṭikai</foreign> correspond to  <foreign>mahājana</foreign> and <foreign>ghaṭige</foreign> in Cāḷukya inscription; Ep. Ind. Vol. III. p. 360.</note> If the destroyer of this <supplied reason="explanation">charity</supplied> does not fear this sin, we, <supplied reason="explanation">the inhabitants</supplied> of Vāṇapuram, shall pay a fine of one thousand <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāṇam</foreign></supplied> to the palace of the king who is then ruling.<note>4 With அன்றாள் கொயில் compare அன்றார் கொ, above, Vol. I. pp. 113 and 115.</note></p>
<p n="15">Land has been granted by many kings, commencing with Sagara. Whosever
<supplied reason="explanation">is</supplied> the earth at any time, his <supplied reason="explanation">is</supplied> then the reward <supplied reason="explanation">of gifts of land</supplied>.</p>
	
</div>
         
<div type="translation" resp="part:emfr">
      		
	<p n="1">Om. Homage to Śiva. Prosperity! Fortune!</p>
	<p n="2-3">Sixty-second year of the victorious king Nantivikkiramaparumaṉ.<note>Sanskrit Nandivikramavarman.</note></p>
	<p n="3-9">I have given ...</p>
	<p n="9-11">The king Mahāvalivāṇa<note>Sanskrit Mahābalibāṇa</note> has given ...</p>
	<p n="11-12">...</p>
	<p n="12-13">...</p>
	<p n="13-14">...</p>
	
	<p rend="stanza" n="1">
		<l>...</l>
		<l>...</l>
		<l>...</l>
		<l>...</l>
	</p>
	
</div>

         <div type="commentary">
         	
         	<p>Several orthographic peculiarities indicate that the composer/scribe is from South India: <foreign>kulotbhava-</foreign> instead of <foreign>kulodbhava-</foreign>, <foreign>sakara-</foreign> instead of <foreign>sagara-</foreign>.</p>
         	<p>Note on <foreign>Iruvar</foreign>/<foreign>Iravar</foreign>. See SII p. 92, fn. 2.</p>
         	
         </div>
      	      	
<div type="bibliography">

	<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1889-1890_01"/></bibl> (ARIE/1889-1890/A/1889/76).</p>
	
	<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl> with visual documentation and English translation (SII 3.42). Text and summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> (IP 91).</p>
	
	<p>This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on the visual documentation published in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl>.	</p>

         	<listBibl type="primary">
         		
         		<bibl n="SII">
         			<ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/>
         			<citedRange unit="item">42</citedRange>
         			<citedRange unit="page">90-92</citedRange>
         			<citedRange unit="plate">V</citedRange>
         		</bibl>
         		
         		<bibl n="IP">
         			<ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/>
         			<citedRange unit="item">91</citedRange>
         			<citedRange unit="page">321-322</citedRange>
         		</bibl>
         		
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         		<bibl n="ARIE">
         			<ptr target="bib:ARIE1889-1890_01"/>
         			<citedRange unit="page">5</citedRange>
         			<citedRange unit="appendix">A/1899</citedRange>
         			<citedRange unit="item">76</citedRange>
         		</bibl>
         		
         	</listBibl>
         	
         </div>
      	
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