The Pamintihan charter EpiDoc Encoding Arlo Griffiths intellectual authorship of edition Arlo Griffiths European Research Council (ERC), grant agreement no 809994 DHARMA Jakarta DHARMA_INSIDENKPamintihan.xml CC BY-SA 4.0 2019-2026 as per external metadata

According to De Casparis (), the charter is written in traditional Majapahit script. The scholar rightly points out the curiosity of the akṣara ma, written in two parts, not unlike the ma of the Ādityavarman inscriptions. Relying only on a photo of the first plate, he was unable to observe the subtle but unmistakable change in the script on the fifth plate, where ma is written in normal manner. There is also other evidence that plate 5 may have been written by a different hand than plates 1 and 3: the pepet markers take the form seen in Balinese mss. on plates 1+3 (e.g. 3r1 jə:ṁ, 3r3 kədəvaṁ, 3r3 hinilaṅakən·) while the shape is that of a plain ulu with two dots inside on plate 5 (e.g. 5r2 sahəṇḍag, 5r4 tləs, 5r5 pinasākṣyakən) the ‘normal’ shape of bh, with the two legs running into each other and a top curl parting from the joint, is seen on plates 1+3 (e.g. in 1v4 suraprabhāva, 3r3 bhakti, 3r4 prabhu and bhakti, 3r5 twice bhakti) while a shape very similar to that of sa (and indeed misread as such by previous scholars), where the two legs do not clearly meet each other and there is no top curl, is seen on plate 5 (5r2 bhaṇḍanya, 5r5 sabhāmaddhya, 5v1 bhasmībhūta) To this may be added the fact that on plates 1 and 3 k and t are either sometimes confused or written in such a manner that k looks like t (kuvera, aṅlakvakən). This may also have been the case on the no longer available plate 4, where Bosch read vaṅte for expected vaṅke (4v5). No such case has been encountered on plate 5. The fact that no photo is available for plate 4 makes it impossible to be sure whether its hand was that of plates 1+3 or rather that of 5.

On plates 1+3, the engraver uses two ways of forming akṣara lā: the normal manner is with tarung placed to the right of the akṣara, but exceptionally we find a special tarung written in subscript form which may be confused with cakra or suku and has indeed been misread as such by Bosch (1r2 mūlānakṣatra, 3r1 lot, 4v6 maṇḍihalādi). No relevant case has been found on plate 5. Decorative extensions to cakras are seen several times on all available plates. Also throughout the charter, we find the bipartite shape of pasagan s that is also typical in contemporary manuscripts preserved on Java as well as in Balinese manuscripts down to the present (3v1 vet saṅ, 3r2 and 3r4 dhīrotsāha, 3v5–6 pamintihan sumlap, 5r2 ndan sarvva).

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1 // o // Avighnam astu // o // svasti śrī śaka-varṣātīta, 1395, vaiśāka-māsa, diḍhitithi, tr̥tiīyā kr̥ṣṇa-pakṣa, ma, ma, śu, vāra, laṅkir·, Uttarastha-grahacāra, mūlā-nakṣatra, nairitī-devatā, varuṇa-maṇḍala, śubha-yoga,§ tkuvera-parvveśa, rodra-muhūrtta, vaṇija-karaṇa, dhanū-rāśī,,

Irika divasany ājñā pāduka śrī mahārāja rājādhirāja prajaikanātha, śrīmac-chrī-bhaṭṭāra-prabhu, garbbha-prasūti-nāma dyaḥ suraprabhāva, śrī siṅhavikramavarddhana nāma devābhiṣeka śrī giripati-prasūta-bhūpati-ketubhūta, sakala-janaārddanānindya-parākrama-digvijaya, jaṅgala-kaḍiri-yavabhūmy-e§kādhipa, sirātaḥ prabhu viśeṣa riṁ bhūmi java makaprakāraṁ jaṅgala mvaṁ kaḍiri, Aśeṣāhitendra-saṅgha-saṅgharṣita-caraṇā-

suruṁ ciradāsa de śrī mahārāja, tuhu-tuhv atyanta suṣṭu-bhaktinye jə:ṁ pāduka śrī mahārāja, satatāṅlatkvakən· dharmmaniṁ sevaka, lot kahudanan· kapyayan· tan humiḍəp· ṅel· ṅliḥ, dhīrotsāha mamrihakən· katuṣṭa-buddhin· ri śrī mahārāja, makavyakti hananikaṁ durjjana ri pradeśanikaṁ kədəvaṁ, ya tika tlas· parikṣīrṇna sahananya kabeḥ, hinilaṅakən· tkap· saṅ āryya suruṁ, maṅkana kakatonani kasuṣṭu-bhaktin kadhīrotsāhan· saṅ āryya suruṁ, ya tikāṅde paramasantuṣṭa ri śrī mahārāja, śrī mahārāja pva sira prabhu devātmaka, tan dadi *ketihan-siḥ deniṁ vvaṁ bhakti ri sira, sumahasraguṇa pamaL̥snira siḥ riṁ vvaṁ dr̥ḍabhaktinye sira, saṅ āryya suruṁ pvātyanta dr̥ḍabhaktinya ri sira, mataṅyan sinuṁnirānugraha L̥maḥ sīma vanva makaṅaran pamintihan·, Irika ta saṁ pamgət· jāmbi, binvat-sārāṅupācāra saṁ hyaṁ rājapraśāsti, makāntyarasa mratisubaddhakəna sīmatvanikaṁ pami3ntihan·, An təlas inanugrahakən· de śrī mahārāja ri saṅ āryya suruṁ, tumusa tka riṁ vka-vet saṅ āryya suruṁ tka ri hləmniṁ hləm·, kunəṁ parimāṇaniṁ pradeśanikaṁ pamintihan·, riṁ pūrvvāsiḍaktan· mvaṁ plaṁ puñcu, riṅ āgneyāsiḍaktan lavan· gigiḍaḥ, riṁ dakṣiṇāsiḍaktan· mvaṅ ḍampak·, riṁ nairity a§siḍaktan lavan ḍampak· mvaṁ madəviṁ, riṁ paścimāsiḍaktan· mvaṁ gəmpol·, riṁ bāyabyāsiḍaktan· gəmpol· mvaṁ babaṅər·, maṅetan iṁ kali si§garada tkeṅ uttara, Asiḍaktan lavan babaṅər· mvaṁ kabalan·, maṅetan· muvaḥ tkeṅ aiśānya, Asiḍaktan· mvaṁ kabalan·, maṅidul· saṅkeṅ aiśānya tkeṁ pūrvva muvaḥ, Asiḍaktan· mvaṁ plaṁ puñcu, ṅhiṁ samaṅkana paṅaṣṭadeśanikaṁ sīma ri pamintihan·, hana ta savaḥ pamintihan sumlap iṁ L̥maḥ plaṁ puñcu, kayon· tambak· vetan· pcal·, 18, tataṇḍaṅan·, pcal·, 7, puṁ, pcal·, 7, pagagalahan·, pcal·, 1, siṁkanak· pcal·, 40, paceleṅan·, pcal·, 1, piṇḍa kayon iṁ savaḥ 6, pcal· 74, muvaḥ hana ta savaḥnikaṁ pamintihan· sumlap iṁ L̥maḥ kabalan·, kayon· sirajaṁ, pcal· 5, saraṁ pcal· 9, kasine, pcal·, 1, paṇḍan·, pcal·, 3, susuru, pcal· 3, tunvan·, pcal·, 3, dharmmaga, pcal·, 1, kamuniṁ pcal·, 3, piṇḍa kayon iṁ savaḥ, 8, pcal· 1828 , samaṅkana gə:ṁnikaṁ savaḥ pamintihan· sumlap iṁ L̥maḥ plaṁ puñcu, ya tika prasama kabhuktya saṅke pamintihan tan· kolah-ulaha, hana ta savaḥnikaṁ plaṁ puñcu kagarbbha ri parimāṇanikaṁ pamintihan·, kayon· tambak· kulvan·, pcal·, 3, ya tika kabhuktya denikaṁ plaṁ puñcu, maṅkana rasany anugraha pāduka śrī mahārāja ri saṅ āryya suruṁ, tuhun tiṅkaḥnikaṁ sīma ri pamintihan·, kevala svatantrādəg riṅgit·, tan kaparabyāpaāra deniṁ nāyaka turun-turun sāgəm· sarakut·, lakva-lakvan bvat-hajyanan·, mvaṁ vinava saṁ mānak katrīṇi, lvirnya paṅkur·, tavan·, tirip·, piṅhe, vahuta rāma, mvaṁ sakveḥ saṁ maṅilala dr̥vya haji vulu-vulu prakāra miśra para miśra maṅhuryyaṅilala, suṅgiṁ, paṅaruhan·, poḥ galuḥ, taji, sukun·, halu varak·, manimpiki, maniga, pamaṇikan·, piniṅle, tapa haji, Er haji, malandaṁ, lca, lab-lab·, taṅkil·, vilaṁ vanva, pakuda, pahasti, puluṁ padi, pavlaṁ-vlaṁ, pāmavāsya, sinagiha, juru jalir·, juru huñjəman·, sahulun haji kabeḥ, Ityevamaādi, tan tamātaḥ Irikeṁ sīma pan· svatantra, maṅkana taṁ sukhaduḥkha kady aṅganiṁ mayaṁ tan pavvaḥ, valū rumambat iṁ natar·, vaṅtek kābutan·vaṅke kābunan·, māmuk·, mamumpaṁ, ludan·, tūtan·, Aṅśa pratyaṅśa, daṇḍa kudaṇḍa maṇḍihalādi, Ikaṁ sīma ri pamintihan· juga pramāṇerika, tkeṅ añəmbul· Amahaṁ Añaṁvriṁ, Aṅgula Aṁdyun· Amubut· Agave suri, Añjariṁ, Anəpis·, Ikaṁ sīma juga pramāṇe sadr̥vya-hajinya mvaṁ pamūjānya kabeḥ, mvaṁ vnaṅ adr̥vya padagaṁ salviranya, ndan sarvva rva juga, hīṅani bhaṇḍanya kalima sahəṇḍag· riṁ satuhan·, Aṅulaṁ kbo, 20, sapi, 40, vḍus·, 80, celeṁ savurugan·, Aṇḍaḥ savantayan·, paṇḍe salviranya rvaṁ gusali sovaṁ, vulu-vulu prakāra rvaṁ tuhan sovaṁ, Ikaṁ ta hīṅaniṁ tan· kilalana, mvaṁ vnaṁ katambaran·, vnaṅ uṅsiR̥n deniṁ maliṁ tləs·, vnaṅ anaṅgapi maliṁ, maṅkana rasany anugraha śrī mahārāja, sampun kesī saṁ hyaṅ ājñā praśāsti, pinaṅkvakən i saṅ āryya suruṁ, pinasākṣyakən iṁ sabhāmaddhya, maṅhaturakən· ta saṅ āryya suruṁ pamuṣpa ri śrī mahārāja, mvaṁ pasākṣī yathākrama ri taṇḍa rakryan samudāya, kunəṁ ri sḍəṅanyan hanāmirudha ryy anugraha śrī mahārāja, mne hlem· katke 5dlāhaniṁ dlāha, Umaṅguhaknaṁ pañca-mahāpātaka, mvaṁ saviparītaniṁ brahmamukhodita saptavr̥ddhi, At:hər bhasmībhūta niravaśeṣa katke santāna pratisantānanya kabeḥ, phalanyan umulahakən anyāyapravr̥tti, kavulatan de saṁ hyaṁ trayodaśa-sākṣī, siddhir astu, // 0 // @

1395 1385 diḍhitithi didi There is a note number 1 after this word in PKMN, but no corresponding note is found at the end of the edition. See the discussion of the odd misspelling in 852. mūlā- mūlu- śrīmac-chrī- śrīmac-crī- kaḍiriDamais stops reading after this. °latkvakən· °latvakən· lot lret kapyayan· kapyapyan· mratisubaddhakəna mratisubaddhana hləmniṁ hləm·hləm· pvātyantapva Atyanta Here and several times throughout this inscription, Boechari's edition silently splits ā resulting from sandhi between two words. Further cases will not be noted. madəviṁ, riṁmadəviḥ, riṁmadəviḥ riṁ iṁ kaliikaṁ liBosch's reading was corrected already by 2081. tataṇḍaṅan· It is perhaps also possible to read kataṇḍaṅan· or kakaṇḍaṅan·. pcal· 9, kasine pcal· 8, kasine Reading of the numeral sign corrected by Muusses 208. Plate 4 is not included in Boechari's edition. 1828See 2081. kaparabyāpaārakaparabyāmaraCertainly a misreading by Bosch. -hajyanan·-lajyananCertainly a misreading by Bosch. poḥSee Narasinghanagara (14v8) miśra, paṅhuraṁ, kriṁ, paḍə:m·, manimpiki, parānakan·, limus· galuḥ, maṁriñca, maṅhuri, paraṁ, suṅka, dhura, paṅaruhan·, poḥ galuḥ, suṅgiṁ, .... vaṅtek kābutan·vaṅke kābunan·It seems very likely that Bosch' reading vaṅke kābunan· is his error rather than that of the engraver, though the doubling of k is unexpected whether as an error of the engraver or of the decipherer. maṇḍihalādimaṇḍihaludiCertainly a misreading by Bosch, given the existence of a shape of lā with suku-like subscript. See also his misreading mūlu for mūlā in 1v2. agaveavaveCertainly a misreading by Bosch. Cf. Tuhanyaru (7r4) and Geneng II (25–26). Añjariṁabariṁ bhaṇḍanyasaṇḍanya Cf. Warunggahan (12r5) kunəṅ hiṅani bhaṇḍanyān pikul·-pikulan·. sahəṇḍag·Cf. sahəṇḍak in Padlegan III (27) and sakaṇḍag Geneng II (27). sabhāmaddhyasasāmaddhya bhasmībhūtasasmīsūta phala-pala- pasākṣī yathākramaThis sequence at first sight seems suspicious, as one expects pasə̄k-pasə̄k sayathākrama while pasākṣī is not recorded in . However, the Katatwan charter furnishes proof of the existence of a term pasākṣī: (3v4–5) tan hana kantun paḍa ta ya sinuṁ pasākṣī, pasək-pasək·.

Discovered as a set of 4 out of an original set of 5 plates. Plate number 2 was not among the discovered plates. Plate number 4 has been lost after its first decipherment by Bosch. Only plates 1, 3 and 5 presently remain accessible. The meaning of the decoration with plant on stand and bird in the left margin of 1v remains unclear.

First deciphered by F. D. K. Bosch () in somewhat normalized spelling and with a translation into Dutch of a small section; this edition reproduced and furnished with a complete translation into Indonesian by Muhammad Yamin (); the text of plates 1, 3 and 5 re-edited by Boechari (). The text of plates 1, 3 and 5 is re-edited here from photos; since no photos of plate 4 are available, and since the edition by Bosch does not indicate line numbers while it also uses a less precise romanization system, I have had to guess where line breaks fall and have had to guess the real spelling of the text on the plate.

152 109 208 80-81A209 85-86 XXXIV215-223 63-64 126-127I247 109-110