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            <title>Sāraṅgarh Plates of Sudevarāja (incomplete)</title>
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                  <forename>Natasja</forename>
                  <surname>Bosma</surname>
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                  <forename>Natasja</forename>
                  <surname>Bosma</surname>
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         <funder>European Research Council (ERC), grant agreement no 809994</funder></titleStmt>
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            <date from="2019" to="2026">2019-2026</date>
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         <change who="part:nabo" when="2021-02-09" status="draft">Minor alterations</change>
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                    <pb n="1r"/>
                    <p part="I"><pb n="1v"/><lb n="1v1"/><g ref="sym:spiral-left" type="symbol">*</g> svasti śarabhapurād vikkramopanatasāmantamakuṭacūḍāmaṇiprabhāpra<lb n="1v2" break="no"/>sekāmbudhautapādayugalo ripuvilāsinīsīmantoddharaṇahetur vvasu<lb n="1v3" break="no"/>vasudhāgo<space type="binding-hole"/>pradaḫ paramabhāgavato mātāpitr̥pādānuddhyātaś śrīmahāsude<lb n="1v4" break="no"/>varājaḥ tu<space type="binding-hole"/>ṇḍarakabhuktīyacullaṇḍarake prativāsikuṭumbinas sa<lb n="1v5" break="no"/>mājñāpayati</p> <p>viditam astu vo yathāyaṁ grāmaḥ <choice><orig>tr̥i</orig><reg>tri</reg></choice>daśapatisadanasukha<lb n="1v6" break="no"/>pratiṣṭhākaro yāvad raviśaśitārākiraṇapratihataghorāndhakāraṁ ja<pb n="2r" break="no"/><lb n="2r1" break="no"/>gad avatiṣṭhate tāvad upabhogyas sanidhis sopanidhir acāṭabhaṭaprāveśya<supplied reason="omitted">s</supplied> <lb n="2r2"/>sarvvakaravisarjjitaḥ rājyamahādevīr<choice><sic>o</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>jakulaiḥ mātāpitror ātmana<surplus>ṁ</surplus>ś ca pu<lb n="2r3" break="no"/>ṇyābhivr̥ddhaye Udakapūrvvaṁ k<choice><sic>o</sic><corr>au</corr></choice>śikasagotra<choice><orig>tr̥i</orig><reg>tri</reg></choice>sahasravidyabhāskarasvāmi<lb n="2r4" break="no"/>prabhākara<space type="binding-hole"/>svāmibarbbarisvāmiboṭasvāmidattasvāmiviṣṇusvāmi<surplus><g ref="sym:dash-double" type="punctuation">.</g></surplus><lb n="2r5" break="no"/>phalgusvāmisvāmikīrttisvāmiśa<surplus>ṁ</surplus>ṅkarasvāmimā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> tā<choice><orig>mbra</orig><reg>mra</reg></choice>śāsane<space type="descender"/>nātisr̥<lb n="2r6" break="no"/>ṣṭo bhūtvāsmābhir anumoditaḥ</p> <p>te yūyam evam upala<surplus>ṁ</surplus>bhyaiṣām ājñāśrava<pb n="2v" break="no"/><lb n="2v1" break="no"/>ṇavidheyā bhūtvā yathocitaṁ bhogabhāgam upanayantas sukha<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> prativatsyatha <lb n="2v2"/>bhaviṣyataś ca bhūmipān anudarśayati<g ref="sym:dash-double" type="punctuation">.</g></p> 
                                   <lg n="1" met="vasantatilakā">
                                        <l n="a">dānād viśiṣṭam anupālanaja<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> pu<lb n="2v3" break="no"/>rāṇā<surplus>ṁ</surplus><g ref="sym:dash-double" type="punctuation">.</g></l>
                                        <l n="b">dharmme<space type="binding-hole"/>ṣu niścitadhiyaḫ pravadanti dharmmaṁ<g ref="sym:dash-double" type="punctuation">.</g></l>
                                        <l n="c">tasmā<supplied reason="omitted">d</supplied> dvijāya suvi<lb n="2v4" break="no"/>śuddhakula<space type="binding-hole"/>śrutāya</l>
                                        <l n="d">dattāṁ bhuvaṁ bhavatu vo matir eva goptuṁ<g ref="sym:dash-double" type="punctuation">.</g></l></lg>
                                <p>tad bhavadbhi<lb n="2v5" break="no"/>r apy eṣā dattir anupālayitavyā vyāsagītāṁś cātra ślokān udāhara<lb n="2v6" break="no"/>nti<g ref="sym:dash-double" type="punctuation">.</g></p>
                                   <lg n="2" met="indravajrā">
                                        <l n="a">Agner apatya<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ<g ref="sym:dash-double" type="punctuation">.</g></l>
                                        <l n="b">bhūr vvaiṣṇavī sūryyasutā</l></lg></div>      
         <div type="apparatus">
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                  <app loc="1v2">
                      <lem>°dhauta°</lem>
                      <rdg source="bib:HiraLal1907-1908_02">°dhota°</rdg>
                      <rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">°dhauta°</rdg>
                      <note>The shape of the vowel marker for <foreign>au</foreign> is slightly irregular, but is the same as in other copperplate charters of the kings of Śarabhapura.</note> 
                  </app>
                  <app loc="1v3">
                      <lem>°pitr̥°</lem>
                      <note>Traces of the vowel marker for <foreign>i</foreign> are also present, in addition to the vowel marker for <foreign>r̥</foreign>. It seems that <foreign>tr̥i</foreign> was engraved first, by accident, and it was corrected in <foreign>tr̥</foreign> by partly chiselling out <foreign>i</foreign>.</note> 
                  </app>
                  <app loc="2r6">
                      <lem>upala<surplus>ṁ</surplus>bhyaiṣām</lem>
                      <rdg source="bib:HiraLal1907-1908_02">upalabhyaiṣām</rdg>
                      <rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">upala<surplus>ṁ</surplus>bhyaiṣām</rdg>
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                    <p n="1v1-1v5">Success! Hail! From Śarabhapura, the illustrious great Sudevarāja whose feet are washed by the sprinkling water that is the brilliance of the crest-jewels on the crests of his feudatories who have been brought into submission by his prowess, who made the women of his enemies tear out their parted hair, who is a giver of riches, land, and cattle, who is entirely devoted to Viṣṇu, and favoured by his father and mother, issues <supplied reason="subaudible">the following command</supplied> to the landholders settled in <supplied reason="subaudible">the village of</supplied> Cullaṇḍaraka situated in the Tuṇḍaraka <foreign>bhukti</foreign>:</p>   
                    <p n="1v5-2r6">Let it be known to you that by means of <supplied reason="subaudible">this</supplied> copperplate charter <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> preceded by a libation of water, this village has been granted on behalf of the chief queen and the royal family <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> confirmed by us, for the increase of religious merit of father, mother, and ourselves, to <foreign>trisahasravidya</foreign> Bhāskarasvāmin, Prabhākarasvāmin, Barbbarisvāmin, Boṭasvāmin, Dattasvāmin, Svāmin, Viṣṇusvāmin, Phalgusvāmin, Kīrttisvāmin, and Śaṅkarasvāmin, <supplied reason="subaudible">all</supplied> belonging to the Kauśika gotra. <supplied reason="subaudible">The grant of the village</supplied>, which leads to happiness and fame in the abode of the lord of the gods <supplied reason="explanation">i.e., Indra’s heaven</supplied>, is to be enjoyed as long as the world will endure, <supplied reason="subaudible">the world</supplied> of which the darkness of the night is removed by the rays of the sun, moon and stars; <supplied reason="subaudible">comes along with the right to</supplied> hidden treasures and deposits; is not to be entered by irregular or regular troops; and is exempt from all taxes.</p> 
                    <p n="2r6-2v2">Having taken note of that, you should be obedient to the command received from themn <supplied reason="explanation">i.e., the donees</supplied> and render the <supplied reason="subaudible">proper shares of</supplied> periodical offerings and produce, while living happily <supplied reason="subaudible">in this village</supplied>. And <supplied reason="subaudible">the king</supplied> instructs the future rulers:</p>
                    <p n="2v2-2v4" rend="stanza">The ancients, reflecting on virtue, proclaim that the religious merit arising from the protection <supplied reason="subaudible">of a grant</supplied> is more excellent than <supplied reason="subaudible">that which arises</supplied> from the giving <supplied reason="subaudible">itself</supplied>; therefore, your intent should indeed be to protect the earth that has been granted to a Brahmin of perfectly pure family and religious learning.</p>
                    <p n="2v4-2v6">This gift is to be protected by you as well! And in this respect they quote the <supplied reason="subaudible">following</supplied> stanzas sung by Vyāsa:</p>
                    <p n="2v6" rend="stanza">Gold is the first child of Agni, land is born of Viṣṇu, <supplied reason="undefined" evidence="parallel">and cows</supplied> are the offspring of Sūrya: <supplied reason="undefined" evidence="parallel">Therefore, whoever would give gold, a cow, and land would give the three worlds.</supplied></p></div>
         <div type="commentary">
            <p>This copperplate charter is incomplete: the third (and last) plate as well as the seal are missing. Hence, the regnal year in which the command was issued is unknown.</p>
         </div>
        <div type="bibliography">
        	    <p>First edited by Hira Lal <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:HiraLal1907-1908_02"/></bibl> from the original plates; published again by Shastri <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Shastri1995_02"/><citedRange>50-52</citedRange></bibl>; re-edited here by Natasja Bosma based on the published photographs.</p>	   	   
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                  <citedRange>50-52</citedRange>
              </bibl>
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                   <ptr target="bib:Bosma2018_01"/>
                  <citedRange>237</citedRange>
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